This article was machine-drafted from the sources cited in its footnotes. It is not the official text of any law or court decision, and it is not legal advice (how articles are written).
Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum 18/2007Regulation
Full titlePeraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum Nomor 18/PRT/M/2007 tentang Penyelenggaraan Pengembangan Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum
CitationPermen PU 18/PRT/M/2007
JurisdictionIndonesia
Enacted byMinister of Public Works
Signed6 June 2007
Effective6 June 2007
ImplementsPeraturan Pemerintah 16/2005

Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum 18/2007 is an Indonesian ministerial regulation that sets the procedures for developing piped drinking water supply systems, from long-range planning through construction, operation, maintenance and performance monitoring. Its full title is Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum Nomor 18/PRT/M/2007 tentang Penyelenggaraan Pengembangan Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum (administration of the development of drinking water supply systems). It was signed by the Minister of Public Works on 6 June 2007 and took effect on that date.[1] It belongs to the body of drinking water supply regulation in Indonesia.

The regulation was issued to implement several provisions of Government Regulation 16/2005 on the development of drinking water supply systems, and addresses its rules to central and regional government, to the operators of water supply systems and to the professionals who plan them.[2][3] It organises the life of a sistem penyediaan air minum (SPAM, drinking water supply system) into five stages: planning, construction, management, maintenance and rehabilitation, and monitoring and evaluation. Each stage has its own chapter in the body and a technical annex setting out the detailed procedure.[3:1]

Among its substantive requirements are a fifteen-to-twenty-year master plan subject to public consultation, the integration of water supply planning with sanitation, full service twenty-four hours a day to a quality standard set by the health minister, metering of every unit, and monthly performance reporting by operators to the level of government that oversees them.[4][5][6][7] The CRPG regulatory tracker published an analysis of the regulation in November 2025.[8]

Background

The regulation's considerations state that it was made to carry out Pasal 13, 30, 31, 34, 35 and 36 of Government Regulation 16/2005.[2:1] Its legal bases include Law 7/2004 on water resources, Law 4/1992 on housing and settlements, Law 23/1992 on health, Law 26/2007 on spatial planning and Health Minister Regulation 907/2002 on drinking water quality requirements.[2:2] Law 7/2004 was later struck down by the Constitutional Court in Decision 85/PUU-XI/2013, and water resources are now governed by Undang-Undang 17/2019, whose considerations record that history.[9]

Pasal 1 defines a SPAM as a single unit of the physical (technical) and non-physical elements of drinking water infrastructure and facilities, and defines the development of a SPAM to include institutional, management, financial, community and legal elements as well as physical ones. The penyelenggara (operator) of a SPAM may be a state-owned or regionally owned enterprise, a cooperative, a private company or a community group.[10] Pasal 2 states the regulation's purposes as quality water services at an affordable price, a balance of interests between consumers and service providers, greater efficiency and coverage, and water conservation.[3:2]

The scope is piped systems. Planning rules for master plans and feasibility studies also apply to non-piped systems, but Pasal 3 ayat (3) leaves the rest of the non-piped regime to a separate ministerial regulation.[3:3]

Planning

Planning begins with policy. Pasal 4 obliges each regional government to prepare a regional policy and strategy for SPAM development consistent with the national policy and strategy; the strategic plan is to identify raw water potential and allocation, divide the territory into service areas in line with the regional spatial plan, rank programmes by priority, set service criteria and standards, and indicate how sanitation, financing and institutional development will be integrated in growth areas. Regional governments are to favour inter-regional cooperation, and operators and stakeholders are to be involved through public consultation.[11]

The master plan (rencana induk) is a long-range plan of fifteen to twenty years, reviewed every five years or earlier when spatial plans change. It may cover a single regency or city, several regencies or cities, or more than one province, and is approved respectively by the regional head by decree, by the governor supported by a joint decree of the regional heads, or by the minister supported by a joint decree of the regencies and cities concerned. Where neighbouring regions fail to agree, the province, and failing that the central government, may facilitate cooperation or set the terms of cooperation itself.[4:1] Before approval a master plan must be publicised through at least three public consultations within twelve months, attended by residents of the service area and of areas likely to be affected, with community leaders, non-governmental organisations and universities invited.[4:2]

The feasibility study examines technical, environmental, social, cultural, economic, institutional and financial feasibility. Pasal 16 distinguishes a full study, required where the service is expected to reach more than 10,000 people; a simple study for up to 10,000 people; and a technical and cost justification for upgrading part of a system. Where development is to proceed through a public–private partnership, the full study may be prepared by the government or by a private initiator, must assess risk allocation, and may serve as the reference for the tender.[12] The detailed technical plan covers the raw water, production, distribution and service units and rests on the approved master plan, the feasibility study, the construction schedule and confirmed financing.[13]

Each planning document is prepared by the operator or, where none exists, by central or regional government. It may be prepared in house only in defined cases, and otherwise by a service provider procured under procurement law; in either case the staff preparing it must hold professional certificates issued by a professional association.[14][13:1]

Integration with sanitation

Pasal 27 requires SPAM development to be integrated with wastewater and solid waste infrastructure from the preparation of the master plan through operation and maintenance, as a means of protecting water, and at a minimum at the planning stage. Among the planning considerations it lists, settlements with a density of 300 persons per hectare or more in areas of low environmental carrying capacity are to use a centralised sanitation system even where they are served by piped water.[5:1] Master plans are to show the location of water and sanitation facilities together, and technical plans are to feed into sanitation planning.[4:3][13:2] Detailed rules on the integration are left to sanitation regulations and regional regulations;[5:2] the sanitation side of the framework is described at wastewater and sanitation regulation in Indonesia.

Construction, management and maintenance

Construction follows the approved technical plan and runs through six stages: preparation; construction with supervision and materials testing; laboratory tests and trial runs; a commissioning test of the treatment plant; a maintenance period; and handover. Contract quality and occupational safety plans must be observed.[15] An operator may build in house only for partial rehabilitation that improves performance without adding capacity; new construction, full rehabilitation and capacity increases must go to a licensed construction contractor, and in both cases certified construction workers are required.[15:1]

Management of a completed system comprises operation and use, and administration and institutional arrangements. Pasal 35 ayat (5) requires management to meet minimum service standards and the quality requirements of the health minister's regulations, and to provide full service twenty-four hours a day; ayat (6) leaves the minimum service standards to be set later, and ayat (7) requires management to follow Indonesian drinking water accounting rules.[6:1] In operating the raw water unit, abstraction may not exceed the abstraction permit, must be reduced when a source falls below the required capacity so that water remains for the downstream environment, and must be monitored for flow and quality.[6:2] Every raw water, production and distribution unit must carry a bulk meter and every connection a customer meter, and both are subject to periodic calibration by the authorised body.[6:3] The operating institution must be formed before construction is complete so that the system can operate at once, and regional governments may also establish a public service agency or regional technical unit to manage systems.[16]

Maintenance and rehabilitation are the operator's responsibility. Where maintenance interrupts supply to part of the population, the operator must give at least one day's notice and may not suspend service for more than three days, and maintenance may never stop service to the whole population.[17]

Monitoring and evaluation

Monitoring is carried out directly, through field visits, and indirectly, through data and reports, and covers both the physical units and non-physical matters such as institutional, management, financial, community and legal data.[7:1] Responsibility follows the level of the operator: the Directorate General of Human Settlements (Cipta Karya) monitors national operators and inter-provincial systems, provinces monitor provincial operators and systems crossing regency lines, and regencies and cities monitor operators within their territory. The Badan Pendukung Pengembangan SPAM (BPP SPAM, SPAM Development Support Agency), a non-structural body under the minister, monitors operators at every level and evaluates service quality and performance against indicators covering finance, operations, customer service and human resources.[10:1][7:2]

Operators report monthly to the regency, city, province or directorate general, and quarterly to the minister through BPP SPAM, which forwards its evaluation with recommendations for intervention where standards are breached. Audited financial and performance reports go to the regional government with a copy to BPP SPAM.[7:3]

Relationship to other instruments

Pasal 62 calls for regional regulations based on the ministerial regulation and provides that, until a region has one, the ministerial regulation applies directly. Pasal 63 preserved existing implementing rules so far as they did not conflict with it.[1:1]

In 2016 the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing issued Regulation 27/PRT/M/2016 on the administration of drinking water supply systems, signed on 1 August 2016 and promulgated on 5 August 2016. Its record in the JDIH BPK database did not, when consulted in September 2026, list the instruments it revoked.[18] The database's record of the 2007 regulation, consulted in October 2026, listed no instrument revoking or amending it.[19]

The CRPG tracker analysis of November 2025 presented the regulation as the technical framework for urban piped supply and set it alongside later minimum service standards and the water resources statute.[8:1] The wider framework for water abstraction is described at water resources law of Indonesia, and proposals for a statute on drinking water and sanitation services at the water and sanitation bill of Indonesia.

See also

Part of a series on Drinking water supply regulation in Indonesia
AIIRA · KONEKSI · Permen PU 18/2007 · Permenperin 62/2024 · PP 28/2025 · Septic tank regulation in Indonesia · Water and sanitation bill of Indonesia
Identifiers Know ID K220 · Work URI /akn/id/act/permen-pu/2007/18 · RegVault PERMEN_PU_18_2007
Categories Ministerial regulations of Indonesia · Water supply in Indonesia
What links here (5)

References

  1. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, Pasal 62, Pasal 63 ayat (1) and (2) (in force on the date of enactment) and closing formula (Ditetapkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 6 Juni 2007). regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎ ↩︎

  2. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, considerations (Menimbang) and legal bases (Mengingat angka 1 to 14). regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  3. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, Pasal 2 and Pasal 3; Pasal 14, 20, 26, 34, 43, 53 and 61 (annexes I to VII). regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  4. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, Pasal 5 to Pasal 10. regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  5. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, Pasal 27 ayat (1) to (4). regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  6. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, Pasal 35, Pasal 38 ayat (1) and Pasal 39. regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  7. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, Pasal 54 to Pasal 60. regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  8. [E] "What Standards Apply to Water Supply Systems Under PERMENPU 18/2007?", CRPG regulatory tracker, crpg.id, 26 November 2025, corrected 28 September and 2 October 2026. https://crpg.id/what-standards-apply-to-water-supply-systems-under-permenpu-18-2007/ (free sign-in required on crpg.id) The post carries a notice that it is AI-generated; it is cited for the record of the development, not for its legal content. ↩︎ ↩︎

  9. [P] UU 17/2019, considerations (Menimbang) and General Elucidation. regulation_id UU_17_2019. ↩︎

  10. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, Pasal 1 angka 4 to 7 and 15. regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎ ↩︎

  11. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, Pasal 4. regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎

  12. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, Pasal 15 to Pasal 17. regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎

  13. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, Pasal 21 to Pasal 25. regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  14. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, Pasal 11 to Pasal 13 and Pasal 18. regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎

  15. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, Pasal 28 to Pasal 32. regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎ ↩︎

  16. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, Pasal 42 ayat (1), (2) and (7). regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎

  17. [P] Permen PU 18/PRT/M/2007, Pasal 44 ayat (1), (4) and (5). regulation_id PERMEN_PU_18_2007. ↩︎

  18. [P] Permen PUPR No. 27/PRT/M/2016 tentang Penyelenggaraan Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum, JDIH BPK (dates of enactment and promulgation; Berita Negara 2016 No. 1154). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/104463/permen-pupr-no-27prtm2016-tahun-2016 ↩︎

  19. [P] Permen PU No. 18/PRT/M/2007 tentang Penyelenggaraan Pengembangan Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum, JDIH BPK (enacted and in force 6 June 2007; no Dicabut dengan or Diubah dengan entry). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/285851 ↩︎