Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup 12/2025 (Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup/Badan Pengendalian Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 12 Tahun 2025 tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah bagi Usaha dan/atau Kegiatan Tekstil) is an Indonesian ministerial regulation that sets the effluent quality standards for textile businesses and activities. It was signed by the Minister of Environment, who also heads the Environmental Control Agency, on 4 September 2025, and took effect on its promulgation on 9 September 2025.^[1][2] It forms part of the body of rules described at wastewater and sanitation regulation in Indonesia, and was issued to implement Pasal 162 huruf b of Peraturan Pemerintah 22/2021.^[3]

The regulation requires every textile activity that produces wastewater to meet its effluent standards before discharging to water, and distinguishes between wastewater treated in a plant of its own and wastewater treated together with that of other activities.^[4] Its first annex sets twelve limits, three of them graded by the daily volume of wastewater; its second annex sets a mass-balance calculation for integrated plants.^[5][6]

Textile activities that already held an environmental approval or an SPPL were given two years from entry into force to adjust, through an amendment of that approval.^[7] The regulation revoked the textile provisions of Permen LH 5/2014, the general effluent-standards regulation.^[8] It was issued on the same day as Permen LH 11/2025 on domestic wastewater, and CRPG's regulatory tracker published four analyses of it between November and December 2025.^{[9][10][11][12][13]}

¶ Background

Before 2025, effluent standards for textile activities sat in Pasal 16A and Lampiran XLII of Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 on wastewater quality standards, an instrument covering many industrial sectors that had been amended several times, the last time by Permen LHK 16/2019.^[8:1] Permen LH 12/2025 moved the textile standards into a regulation of their own. Its preamble states that textile activities producing wastewater must treat it before release, and that a standard is needed as the measure of the pollutants that may be tolerated in treated wastewater released to the environment.^[3:1]

The regulation was issued as a joint instrument of the Ministry of Environment and the Environmental Control Agency (Badan Pengendalian Lingkungan Hidup), whose head is the same minister; its preamble cites Peraturan Presiden 182/2024 on the ministry and Peraturan Presiden 183/2024 on the agency, where the domestic wastewater standard it replaced had been issued by the Minister of Environment and Forestry.^[3:2][14]

¶ Provisions

Pasal 1 defines wastewater (air limbah) as water arising from a process in an activity, and the wastewater quality standard (baku mutu air limbah) as the limit or level of pollutants tolerated in wastewater to be discharged or released to water and soil.^[15] Pasal 2 ayat (1) provides that every textile business or activity producing wastewater must meet the standard before discharging it to water (media air).^[4:1] Under Pasal 2 ayat (2) and Pasal 3, the standard applies to a treatment unit operated either tersendiri (standalone, without combining with the treatment of other activities), to which Lampiran I applies directly, or terintegrasi (integrated, combining the wastewater of other activities in one system), for which the standard is calculated under Lampiran II.^[4:2]

¶ Effluent limits

Lampiran I sets the standards for standalone treatment. Biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand and total suspended solids are graded in three classes of daily discharge; the remaining parameters apply at the same value in every class.^[5:1]

The uniform limits are 0.5 mg/L for total phenol, 1.0 mg/L for total chromium, 8.0 mg/L for total ammonia (as nitrogen), 0.3 mg/L for sulphide and 3.0 mg/L for oil and grease, together with a pH range of 6 to 9, a colour limit of 200 Pt-Co units and a temperature limit of 38 °C. A twelfth parameter caps the volume of wastewater at 100 cubic metres per tonne of product, and a note to the table confines it to standalone treatment.^[5:2]

¶ Integrated treatment

Lampiran II requires two figures to be calculated for an integrated plant: the highest wastewater flow, which is the sum of the highest flows of the textile activity and each other activity, and the highest combined concentration. Where the same parameter arises from several sources, the combined limit is the flow-weighted average of the individual limits; where parameters differ, the combined standard includes all of them.^[6:1] The annex illustrates the method with a plant receiving 100 cubic metres a day of textile process wastewater and 200 cubic metres a day of domestic wastewater, for which the combined limits come to 40 mg/L for BOD, 117 mg/L for COD and 37 mg/L for TSS. The domestic values used in the example (30 mg/L BOD, 100 mg/L COD, 30 mg/L TSS, 3,000 total coliform per 100 mL) are those of the domestic standard in Permen LHK 68/2016, which Permen LH 11/2025 revoked on the same date.^{[6:2][14:1][9:1]}

¶ Transition and revocation

Pasal 4 obliges a textile business or activity that already holds an environmental approval (Persetujuan Lingkungan) or an SPPL, the statement of commitment used for activities below the thresholds for an environmental impact assessment, to adjust to the new standards within two years of entry into force, that is by 9 September 2027. The adjustment is made by amending the environmental approval or SPPL in accordance with the procedures governing environmental approval.^{[7:1][15:1][2:1]}

Pasal 5 revokes Pasal 16A and Lampiran XLII of Permen LH 5/2014, as last amended in 2019, and Pasal 6 brings the regulation into force on the date of promulgation.^[8:2][1:1] The regulation comprises six articles and two annexes, and contains no provision of its own on monitoring frequency, reporting or sanctions.^[1:2]

¶ See also

• Undang-Undang 32/2009
• Permen LHK 5/2021

¶ External links

• Permen LH/BPLH No. 12 Tahun 2025 (JDIH BPK)
• CRPG: Indonesia's New Textile Industry Wastewater Standards: Explaining PERMEN LH 12/2025 (crpg.id, 17 December 2025) (free sign-in required on crpg.id)
• CRPG: How Do Industrial Textile Wastewater Limits Differ Under PERMENKLHBPH 12/2025? (crpg.id, 26 November 2025) (free sign-in required on crpg.id)
• CRPG: What Textile Wastewater Standards Apply Under PERMENLH 12/2025? (crpg.id, 26 November 2025) (free sign-in required on crpg.id)
• CRPG: Textile Industry Wastewater Compliance: PERMEN LH 12/2025 (crpg.id, 22 November 2025) (free sign-in required on crpg.id)

¶ References