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Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan 26/2020Regulation
Full titlePeraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor P.26/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2020 tentang Penanganan Abu Dasar dan Abu Terbang Hasil Pengolahan Sampah Secara Termal
CitationPermen LHK 26/2020
JurisdictionIndonesia
Enacted byMinister of Environment and Forestry
Signed23 December 2020
Promulgated29 December 2020
Effective29 December 2020
ImplementsUU 18/2008

Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan 26/2020 (Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor P.26/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2020 tentang Penanganan Abu Dasar dan Abu Terbang Hasil Pengolahan Sampah Secara Termal) is an Indonesian ministerial regulation on the handling of the bottom ash and fly ash produced when municipal solid waste is treated thermally, by incineration or waste-to-energy plants. It was signed by the Minister of Environment and Forestry on 23 December 2020 and took effect on its promulgation on 29 December 2020 as Berita Negara 2020 No. 1638.[1] It belongs to the body of rules described at solid waste management law of Indonesia, and its preamble presents it as part of the norms, standards, procedures and criteria for waste management provided for in UU 18/2008.[2]

The regulation obliges every operator of thermal waste treatment to handle both kinds of ash. Bottom ash may be used, as a road base or a raw material for cement, or disposed of in a sanitary or controlled landfill; fly ash must first undergo further treatment at the plant and meet a leachate standard of twelve parameters, tested by an accredited laboratory, before final disposal.[3][4] Operators report on ash handling every six months as part of their environmental permit reporting, and the minister, governors, regents and mayors supervise those reports at the same interval.[5]

Background

The preamble states that bottom ash and fly ash from thermal waste treatment can affect public health and the environment, and that operators needed legal certainty on how to handle them.[2:1] The Mengingat clause cites UU 18/2008 on waste management and PP 81/2012 on household waste and waste similar to household waste, together with the legislation on the ministry's organisation.[2:2]

Pasal 1 defines bottom ash (abu dasar) as the ash that falls during thermal treatment of waste and fly ash (abu terbang) as the ash that floats as fine particles. Thermal treatment (pengolahan sampah secara termal) is defined as a treatment process that involves burning the combustible material in waste and/or produces energy, so that the regulation covers both incinerators and plants that generate power from waste, of the kind discussed at waste processing facilities in Indonesia.[6] Under Pasal 2 ayat (2), both kinds of ash are residues of waste treatment, handled in accordance with the applicable regulations.[3:1]

Bottom ash

Pasal 3 allows bottom ash to be handled by use (pemanfaatan), by final processing (pemrosesan akhir), or both. Under Pasal 4, it may be used as a base material for roads, as a raw material for cement, or in other ways that follow the development of science and technology.[3:2] Final processing under Pasal 5 means returning the bottom ash safely to the environment, in a sanitary landfill (lahan urug saniter), where waste is spread, compacted and covered every day, or in a controlled landfill (lahan urug terkendali), where it is compacted and covered at least every seven days, a method the regulation describes as used until a region can operate a sanitary landfill.[6:1][3:3] The regulation sets no quality standard for bottom ash.[7]

Fly ash

Fly ash is handled by further treatment (pengolahan lanjutan) and final processing. Pasal 7 lists six methods of further treatment: chelation, acid extraction, solidification, melting, sintering, and other methods that follow the development of science and technology; the treatment must take place at the site of the thermal treatment activity.[4:1] The operator must then meet the fly ash quality standard, established by tests in an accredited laboratory, and only fly ash that meets the standard may go to final processing.[4:2]

Lampiran I sets maximum concentrations, in milligrams per litre, for twelve parameters: arsenic 0.5, barium 35, beryllium 0.5, cadmium 0.15, chloride 12,500, hexavalent chromium 2.5, copper 10.0, mercury 0.05, nickel 3.5, lead 0.5, selenium 0.5 and zinc 50.0.[7:1] The regulation does not address whether either kind of ash is hazardous waste, a classification governed by the rules described at hazardous waste regulation in Indonesia.[6:2][3:4]

Reporting and supervision

Pasal 10 requires the handling of both kinds of ash to be reported, stating the quantity of waste treated thermally, the quantities of bottom ash and fly ash produced, the form of handling, and the laboratory results for fly ash. The report forms part of the report on the operator's environmental permit (izin lingkungan) and is submitted to the official who issued the permit at least once every six months; where the permit was issued by a governor, regent or mayor, a copy goes to the minister. Lampiran II prescribes the format, which records the fly ash test results for each quarter.[5:1] Under Pasal 11, the minister, governors and regents or mayors, within their powers, supervise the reports at least once every six months.[5:2]

Relationship to other instruments

The regulation was issued a little over a month before PP 22/2021, which organised environmental protection around the environmental approval (persetujuan lingkungan) described at environmental approval in Indonesia.[8] Pasal 527 of PP 22/2021 kept environmental permits issued before it in force as a prerequisite of, and part of, the business licence or government approval.[9] The reporting obligation in Pasal 10 of the 2020 regulation is framed in terms of the earlier permit.[5:3] Air emissions from power plants fuelled by household waste (Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Sampah, PLTSa) fall under a separate instrument, Permen LHK 15/2019 on emission standards for thermal power plants.[10]

CRPG's regulatory tracker published an analysis of the regulation on 26 November 2025.[11]

See also

Part of a series on Solid waste management law of Indonesia
Adipura · Extended producer responsibility in Indonesia · Hazardous waste regulation in Indonesia · Permen LH 26/2012 · Permen LHK 11/2024 · Permen LHK 26/2020 · Permen LHK 59/2016 · Permen LHK 6/2021 · Permen LHK 75/2019 · PP 22/2021 · PP 81/2012 · Perpres 83/2018 · Perpres 97/2017 · UU 18/2008 · Waste banks in Indonesia · Waste processing facilities in Indonesia
Identifiers Know ID K202 · Work URI /akn/id/act/permen-lhk/2020/26 · RegVault PERMENLHK_26_2020_Abu_Dasar_Termal
Categories Ministerial regulations of Indonesia · Waste management in Indonesia
What links here (3)

References

  1. [P] Permen LHK 26/2020, Pasal 12 and closing formula (Ditetapkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 23 Desember 2020; Diundangkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 29 Desember 2020; Berita Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2020 Nomor 1638). regulation_id PERMENLHK_26_2020_Abu_Dasar_Termal. ↩︎

  2. [P] Permen LHK 26/2020, preamble, Menimbang huruf a to c and Mengingat angka 1 to 6. Full text held in the CRPG regulation vault as regulation_id PERMENLHK_26_2020_Abu_Dasar_Termal; the registry records no regulation_id for this subject, and a shorter copy is held as PERMEN_LHK_p-26-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-12-2020_2020. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  3. [P] Permen LHK 26/2020, Pasal 2 ayat (1) and (2), Pasal 3, Pasal 4 and Pasal 5 ayat (1) to (3). regulation_id PERMENLHK_26_2020_Abu_Dasar_Termal. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  4. [P] Permen LHK 26/2020, Pasal 6, Pasal 7 ayat (1) and (2), Pasal 8 ayat (1) to (3) and Pasal 9 ayat (1) and (2). regulation_id PERMENLHK_26_2020_Abu_Dasar_Termal. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  5. [P] Permen LHK 26/2020, Pasal 10 ayat (1) to (4), Pasal 11 ayat (1) and (2) and Lampiran II (report format, with quarterly test results). regulation_id PERMENLHK_26_2020_Abu_Dasar_Termal. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  6. [P] Permen LHK 26/2020, Pasal 1 angka 1 to 6. regulation_id PERMENLHK_26_2020_Abu_Dasar_Termal. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎

  7. [P] Permen LHK 26/2020, Lampiran I (Baku Mutu Abu Terbang), twelve parameters in mg/L; the regulation's only quality standard. regulation_id PERMENLHK_26_2020_Abu_Dasar_Termal. ↩︎ ↩︎

  8. [P] PP 22/2021, Pasal 1 (definition of Persetujuan Lingkungan). regulation_id PP_22_2021. ↩︎

  9. [P] Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, Pasal 527 (opening words). regulation_id PP_22_2021. ↩︎

  10. [P] Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor P.15/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/4/2019 tentang Baku Mutu Emisi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Termal, Pasal 1 angka 9 (definition of PLTSa) and Pasal 2 ayat (2). regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-15-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-4-2019_2019. ↩︎

  11. [E] "What Bottom Ash Management Requirements Apply Under PERMENLHK 26/2020?", CRPG regulatory tracker, crpg.id, 26 November 2025. https://crpg.id/what-bottom-ash-management-requirements-apply-under-permenlhk-26-2020/ (free sign-in required on crpg.id) The post carries a notice that it is AI-generated; it is cited for the record of the development, not for its legal content. ↩︎