Peraturan Presiden 96/2024 (Peraturan Presiden Nomor 96 Tahun 2024 tentang Cadangan Penyangga Energi) is an Indonesian presidential regulation on the energy buffer reserve (Cadangan Penyangga Energi, CPE), the stock of energy that the state holds to meet national needs in a crisis or emergency. It was signed by President Joko Widodo and promulgated on 2 September 2024, and took effect on promulgation.^[1] It forms part of the body of rules described at mining and energy regulation in Indonesia, and its legal basis includes Law 30/2007 on Energy and PP 79/2014 on the National Energy Policy.^[2]

The regulation makes the provision of the reserve an obligation of the central government and treats the reserve as state property in the form of inventory. It divides responsibility between the National Energy Council (Dewan Energi Nasional, DEN), which fixes the type, amount, timing and location of the reserve, and the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources, who manages it.^[3][4][5] It names three commodities to be held, gasoline, LPG and crude oil, sets quantities for each, and gives until 2035 to reach them, subject to the state's financial capacity.^[6][7]

The regulation governs the procurement, infrastructure, maintenance, use and recovery of the reserve, its funding, and its supervision. CRPG's regulatory tracker published an analysis of it in April 2026.^[8]

¶ Background

The preamble states that rules on an energy buffer reserve were needed to guarantee national energy security, to give the government direction in providing the reserve by fixing its type, amount, timing and location, and to keep the reserve at the level and standard that national consumption requires, with regard to national commitments on clean, affordable and environmentally friendly energy.^[2:1]

Pasal 1 defines the CPE as the quantity of energy sources and energy stored nationally that is needed to meet national energy demand for a given period. It defines an energy crisis (Krisis Energi) as a shortage of energy, and an energy emergency (Darurat Energi) as a disruption of energy supply caused by the interruption of energy facilities and infrastructure. The DEN's regular sessions are of two kinds: the members' session (Sidang Anggota), chaired by the council's executive chair, and the plenary session (Sidang Paripurna), chaired by the council's chair.^[9]

Under Pasal 2, providing the reserve is an obligation of the central government, the reserve is state property in the form of inventory (barang milik negara berupa persediaan), and its purposes are to guarantee national energy security, to deal with energy crises and emergencies, and to pursue sustainable development, understood as including access to clean and affordable energy and action on climate change.^[3:1]

¶ Type, amount, timing and location

Pasal 3 gives the DEN the task of determining the reserve's type, amount, timing and location.^[4:1] Pasal 4 lists the considerations for the choice of type, among them the commodity's strategic role in national consumption, its dependence on imports and the national energy balance, to be applied with regard to geopolitical, territorial and time factors in support of national defence and security.^[10] Pasal 5 fixes three types: gasoline used as transport fuel; LPG used by industry, transport, commerce, farmers, fishers and households; and crude oil used as feedstock for refineries. The types may be changed on the same considerations.^[6:1]

Pasal 6 sets the amounts:^[7:1]

Under Pasal 7 the amounts are to be met by 2035, in line with the state's financial capacity.^[7:2] Pasal 8 requires a reserve location to meet technical and feasibility requirements covering, at a minimum, geology, access for distribution, spatial plans, geopolitical, legal, defence and security aspects, social and cultural aspects, the environment, infrastructure, funding, risk mitigation planning and the potential for crisis or emergency; locations are decided and fixed in a members' session of the DEN.^[11] Under Pasal 9, changes to the type, amount or timing may be proposed by DEN members or by agencies, are decided in a members' session, and are issued as a regulation of the minister in the minister's capacity as the DEN's executive chair.^[12]

¶ Management

Pasal 10 makes the minister responsible for managing the reserve, which may involve energy-sector state-owned enterprises, business entities and permanent establishments holding energy business licences; the minister formulates its management and presents it to the DEN's sessions, with regard to defence and security.^[5:1] Pasal 11 divides management into five activities: procurement of stock, provision of infrastructure, maintenance, use and recovery.^[13]

Stock may be procured from domestic or foreign production (Pasal 12). Reserve infrastructure consists of main storage facilities and supporting distribution facilities, which may be above ground, partly or wholly underground, or floating; state-owned infrastructure is provided by optimising existing energy assets under state property rules or by building new facilities, and infrastructure owned by enterprises is used through cooperation or lease (Pasal 13 and Pasal 14). Ministries, agencies and regional governments are to support permits and land for the infrastructure (Pasal 15).^[14]

Maintenance covers both the stock and the infrastructure, and stock may be rotated through exchange provided the reserve is kept available. It is carried out by the minister through cooperation with licensed energy enterprises, which receive a fee paid from the state budget or other lawful sources; if cooperation fails, the minister may appoint an enterprise, and an appointed state-owned enterprise may in turn appoint a subsidiary or affiliate (Pasal 16 and Pasal 17).^[15]

¶ Use and recovery

Under Pasal 18 the reserve is used only in an energy crisis or emergency, declared under the separate rules on determining and handling such conditions. Use is decided in a members' session of the DEN for a crisis or emergency of a technical and operational nature, and in a plenary session for one of a national nature.^[16] Under Pasal 19, the enterprise that used the reserve must restore it to its original condition within 120 calendar days after the crisis or emergency ends; the period may be extended by decision of a members' or plenary session, and a recovery that overruns may attract sanctions under the applicable legislation. The restored reserve must keep its amount, standard and quality.^[17]

¶ Funding and supervision

Pasal 21 allows the regulation and management of the reserve to be funded from the state budget or other lawful sources.^[18] The minister guides and supervises management of the reserve by the enterprises involved (Pasal 22), while the DEN supervises its regulation, discussing the results in a members' session reported to the council's chair, or in a plenary session, and issuing recommendations for follow-up by its members and others (Pasal 23).^[18:1] Technical details of management and supervision are left to ministerial regulations (Pasal 20 and Pasal 22 ayat (3)).^[19]

¶ Relationship to other instruments

The definition of the energy buffer reserve in Pasal 1 was repeated word for word in Perpres 26/2026 on fuel procurement, which directs imports by the energy-sector public service agency toward filling the reserve and counts fuel stored in free trade zones and bonded logistics centres toward it.^[20] The national energy policy issued in 2025, PP 40/2025, also provides for the energy buffer reserve as an obligation of the central government outside the operational reserves of energy suppliers, provided in stages according to state finances, and assigns to the DEN the regulation of its type, amount, timing and location.^[21]

¶ See also

• Perpres 22/2017
• Perpres 169/2024

¶ External links

• CRPG: Establishing Indonesia's Energy Support Reserves (CPE): PERPRES 96/2024 (crpg.id, 4 April 2026) (free sign-in required on crpg.id)

¶ References