| Field | Health law |
|---|---|
| Jurisdiction | Indonesia |
| Principal instruments | Undang-Undang 17/2023 on health; Peraturan Pemerintah 28/2024 implementing it; Peraturan Presiden 13/2026 on health management |
| Principal institutions | Ministry of Health; Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan); National Nutrition Agency (Badan Gizi Nasional) |
Health sector regulation in Indonesia is the body of Indonesian law that governs health efforts and health resources: the organisation of health services and of the health administration of central and regional government, the control of outbreaks, epidemics and health crises, medicines, medical devices and processed food, and nutrition. Its principal statute is Undang-Undang 17/2023 on health, enacted and promulgated on 8 August 2023, whose preamble gives as its reason the need to strengthen the health system in a single statute, and which revoked eleven earlier laws, among them the health law of 2009 and the laws on hospitals, medical practice, health workers and health quarantine.[1][2] Its implementing regulation is Peraturan Pemerintah 28/2024, enacted and promulgated on 26 July 2024.[3]
Most of the field's detailed rules are made by the executive. The Ministry of Health issues ministerial regulations (Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan, Permenkes) on health programmes and on its own organisation; the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan, BPOM) issues regulations on medicines and processed food; and presidential regulations set the framework of health management and create bodies such as the National Nutrition Agency (Badan Gizi Nasional). Regional governments organise their own health offices and community health centres within the central rules.[4][5][6]
The sections below survey the field by sub-field: the statutory framework; health management and the organisation of health administration; outbreaks, quarantine and health crises; medicines, health supplies and food; nutrition and the free meals programme, including the Constitutional Court's review in July 2026 of the programme's funding from the education budget; and health-care waste. CRPG's regulatory tracker reported the instruments surveyed here between November 2025 and September 2026.[7][8]
Undang-Undang 17/2023 names Pasal 28H ayat (1) and Pasal 34 ayat (3) of the 1945 Constitution among its constitutional bases.[1:1] It defines health (Kesehatan) as a state of physical, mental and social health, and not merely freedom from disease, that enables a person to live productively, and health efforts (Upaya Kesehatan) as integrated and continuous activities of the central government, regional governments or the public in promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative or palliative form.[9] Pasal 4 lists the rights of every person, among them the right to safe, good-quality and affordable health services and to the confidentiality of personal health data, and Pasal 5 lists their duties, among them taking part in the national health insurance programme of the national social security system.[10] Pasal 6 makes the central and regional governments responsible for planning, regulating, delivering, guiding and supervising health efforts that are of good quality, safe, efficient, equitable and affordable.[11]
The statute replaced a set of sectoral laws. According to the record of the national legal documentation network, it revoked Undang-Undang 36/2009 on health, 44/2009 on hospitals, 29/2004 on medical practice, 36/2014 on health workers, 38/2014 on nursing, 4/2019 on midwifery, 18/2014 on mental health, 20/2013 on medical education, 6/2018 on health quarantine and 4/1984 on outbreaks of infectious disease, together with the colonial ordinance on hard drugs (Ordonansi Obat Keras).[2:1] Peraturan Pemerintah 28/2024 implements a long series of the statute's provisions in one regulation, and revoked a number of earlier government regulations, among them the regulations of 2021 on hospital operations and of 2019 on occupational health.[12][3:1]
Peraturan Presiden 13/2026, signed and promulgated on 11 March 2026, is the framework instrument for health management (pengelolaan kesehatan). It implements Pasal 21 ayat (3) and Pasal 416 of the health statute and revoked Peraturan Presiden 72/2012 on the national health system.[13] It places health management within a national health system run in tiers at central and regional level, organises it in four stages of policy-setting, planning and budgeting, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation, and binds regional and village policy to central policy. Its annex allocates responsibility for each health effort and each health resource among ministries, agencies and levels of government, and an inter-ministerial coordination forum is established under the coordinating minister for human development.[4:1][14][15]
The regional health offices (Dinas Kesehatan) of provinces, regencies and cities are organised under Permenkes 2/2026, which took effect on 11 March 2026 and replaced Permenkes 36/2023. It classifies health offices into three types by the number of their divisions, allows health affairs to be merged with up to two related government affairs in one office where a region does not qualify for a separate health office, and gave regions one year to adjust the nomenclature of their offices.[16][17][18] The procurement of goods and services by community health centres (Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat, Puskesmas) that operate as regional public service agencies is regulated locally; in the city of Batu, Perwali Batu 18/2026, of 3 March 2026, governs procurement funded from the centres' own service income, grants and cooperation revenue rather than from the regional budget, and requires procurement plans and contract data to be entered in the national electronic procurement systems.[19][20]
In June 2026 the Minister of Health amended the organisational charters of the ministry's technical units in a series of regulations that belong also to public administration in Indonesia. Each reduces the structure of the unit concerned to a head and the holders of functional and executor positions, requires the head to apply the government performance accountability system, national development risk management and national digital transformation, and keeps existing posts and officials in place until the new positions are filled.[21][22] Health laboratories are a matter of the statute itself: Pasal 33 provides that primary health services are supported by health laboratories, that public health laboratories are arranged in tiers, and that the central and regional governments are responsible for providing them.[23] Permenkes 7/2026 amended the charter of the public health laboratory units (Laboratorium Kesehatan Masyarakat), Permenkes 9/2026 that of the large environmental health laboratories, and Permenkes 12/2026 that of the health biology laboratory centre, placing all three under the directorate general responsible for primary and community health.[24][25][26] Permenkes 10/2026 placed the units for the safety of health equipment and facilities under the directorate general for pharmaceutical and medical device management, while Permenkes 11/2026, on the biomedical and health genomics centre, and Permenkes 14/2026, on the ministry's health service units, placed those units under the directorate general responsible for advanced health management.[27][28][29] Permenkes 13/2026 made the same kind of change to the health polytechnics (Politeknik Kesehatan) run by the ministry, abolishing their administrative sections and subsections; as institutions of vocational higher education they also fall within education law of Indonesia.[30]
The health statute revoked the former laws on health quarantine and on outbreaks of infectious disease, and lists among its aims resilience in the face of outbreaks and epidemics.[2:2][31] Permenkes 1/2026, which took effect on 21 January 2026, is the ministerial regulation on outbreaks (kejadian luar biasa, KLB), epidemics (wabah) and health crises (krisis kesehatan). It implements a series of provisions of PP 28/2024 and revoked nine earlier ministerial instruments on outbreak surveillance, health quarantine, integrated emergency care and health crisis management.[32][33] It sets out the activities required before, during and after an outbreak, an epidemic or a crisis; governs quarantine surveillance of conveyances, people and goods at points of entry and at domestic ports and airports; provides for the declaration of outbreak, epidemic and crisis status by regional and central authorities; and organises crisis response through a health cluster system, health reserve personnel and graded administrative sanctions.[34][35][36][37]
Quarantine at the border is carried out by the ministry's health quarantine units, the field offices that work to prevent diseases and public health risk factors from entering or leaving the country through seaports, airports and land border posts. Their charter was amended by Permenkes 8/2026, promulgated on 18 June 2026, which also set rules for the work areas the units run at individual ports.[38][39]
Permenkes 5/2026, which took effect on 4 May 2026, governs health supplies: the medicines, medical devices and other materials and equipment used to deliver health care, from planning and production to provision, circulation and control. It implements sixteen provisions of PP 28/2024 and revoked forty earlier ministerial regulations, four of them in part.[40][41] It makes procurement through the government electronic catalogue the rule for public bodies and for health facilities running the national health insurance and other health programmes, gives priority to supplies made with domestic raw materials or components, and sets rules on price transparency and a ceiling formula for the retail price of medicines; its procurement provisions connect it with public finance in Indonesia.[42][43]
BPOM supervises how medicines are handled after they reach the market. Peraturan BPOM 5/2026, in force from 6 April 2026, implements Pasal 417 ayat (4) of PP 28/2024 and covers pharmaceutical service facilities, such as pharmacies and the pharmacy units of hospitals, community health centres and clinics, and "other facilities": drug stores and self-service retailers. It places each facility's handling of medicines under a responsible professional, gives BPOM officers routine and incidental powers of inspection, and requires findings of suspected drug offences to be passed to investigators.[5:1][44][45][46] The fees the agency charges for registration, notification, inspection and certification are fixed by government regulation as non-tax state revenue; PP 15/2026, signed on 27 March 2026, replaced the schedule of 2017, and makes several services free for domestic micro and small enterprises.[47][48][49]
For processed food, the health statute prohibits anyone who produces food or drink from giving untrue or misleading product information, and makes the central and regional governments responsible for regulating and supervising its production, processing and distribution.[50] Peraturan BPOM 10/2026, in force from 17 June 2026, requires a nutrition information table backed by laboratory analysis on processed food labels, introduces a voluntary "healthier choice" logo and a mandatory four-grade nutri-level mark for ready-to-drink beverages, powdered drinks and concentrates, and gives products already licensed 24 months to comply.[51][52][53] Some product standards are set outside the health administration: packaged drinking water must meet Indonesian National Standards made mandatory by the Minister of Industry in Permenperin 62/2024, shown by an SNI certificate issued after a factory audit and product testing.[54][55]
Pasal 65 of the health statute requires efforts to fulfil nutrition across the whole life cycle, with particular attention to pregnant and breastfeeding mothers, infants and children under five, and adolescent girls, and requires the central government to set standards of nutritional adequacy and of nutrition services.[56] Peraturan Presiden 83/2024, signed on 15 August 2024, established the National Nutrition Agency as a government institution responsible to the President, named students from early childhood to secondary education, children under five, pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers as the targets of its work, and transferred to it the nutrition vulnerability functions of the National Food Agency.[6:1][57][58]
The agency runs the free nutritious meals programme (Program Makan Bergizi Gratis, MBG), whose governance is set by Peraturan Presiden 115/2025 of 17 November 2025. That regulation provides for delivery through the agency's regional offices and service units, imposes duties of food safety and quality, nutrition standards and halal assurance along the supply chain, funds the programme from the state budget, and allows direct appointment of suppliers to accelerate delivery.[59][60][61]
The funding of the programme reached the Constitutional Court, in cases surveyed at constitutional review in Indonesia. The 2026 State Budget law counted the meals programme at education-related institutions as part of the operational funding of education, within the budget that Pasal 31 ayat (4) of the Constitution requires to be at least twenty per cent of the state budget. In Decision 40/PUU-XXIV/2026, pronounced on 30 July 2026, the Court upheld Pasal 22 ayat (3) of the budget law but declared its elucidation conditionally binding, valid only for the 2026 budget, with the meals programme to be separated from the education budget by the 2028 budget at the latest.[62] Decision 52/PUU-XXIV/2026, pronounced the same day, applied that reasoning, declared the petition inadmissible as to the elucidation and rejected the rest.[63]
Waste from health facilities is regulated by the Ministry of Health alongside the general regime for hazardous and toxic (B3) waste described at hazardous waste regulation in Indonesia. Permenkes 18/2020 on the region-based management of medical waste, signed on 15 July 2020, requires every health facility to manage its medical waste, divides management into internal handling by the facility and external handling by a licensed operator, and requires regional governments to help facilities that cannot manage their own medical waste.[64]
K14[P] Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan, preamble, Menimbang huruf e and Mengingat (Pasal 20, Pasal 21, Pasal 28H ayat (1) and Pasal 34 ayat (3) of the 1945 Constitution). The copy held in the CRPG regulation vault runs only to Pasal 149. regulation_id UU_17_2023. ↩︎ ↩︎
[P] UU No. 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan, JDIH BPK: enacted, promulgated and in force 8 August 2023, LN 2023 (105), TLN 6887; revokes UU No. 4 Tahun 2019, UU No. 6 Tahun 2018, UU No. 38 Tahun 2014, UU No. 36 Tahun 2014, UU No. 18 Tahun 2014, UU No. 20 Tahun 2013, UU No. 44 Tahun 2009, UU No. 36 Tahun 2009, UU No. 29 Tahun 2004, UU No. 4 Tahun 1984 and the Ordonansi Obat Keras (Staatsblad 1949 No. 419). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/258028/uu-no-17-tahun-2023 ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎
[P] PP No. 28 Tahun 2024 tentang Peraturan Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan, JDIH BPK: enacted, promulgated and in force 26 July 2024, LN 2024 (135), TLN 6952; revokes earlier government regulations including PP No. 47 Tahun 2021 and PP No. 88 Tahun 2019. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/294077/pp-no-28-tahun-2024 ↩︎ ↩︎
[P] Perpres 13/2026, Pasal 3 to Pasal 9. regulation_id PERPRES_13_2026. ↩︎ ↩︎
[P] Peraturan BPOM 5/2026, preamble, Menimbang huruf a to d and Mengingat angka 1 to 4; JDIH BPK: promulgated and in force 6 April 2026. regulation_id PERATURAN_BPOM_5_2026. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/350939/peraturan-bpom-no-5-tahun-2026 ↩︎ ↩︎
[P] Perpres 83/2024, Pasal 1 to Pasal 4 and closing formula (Ditetapkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 15 Agustus 2024; Diundangkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 15 Agustus 2024; Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2024 Nomor 173). regulation_id PERPRES_83_2024. ↩︎ ↩︎
[E] "Institutional Framework of the National Nutrition Agency (BGN): PERPRES 83/2024", CRPG regulatory tracker, crpg.id, 26 November 2025. https://crpg.id/what-is-the-national-nutrition-agency-under-perpres-83-2024/ (free sign-in required on crpg.id) The post carries a notice that it is AI-generated; it is cited for the record of the development, not for its legal content. ↩︎
[E] "Education Budget and the Nutritious Meals Programme: MK 40/PUU-XXIV/2026", CRPG regulatory tracker, crpg.id, 21 September 2026. https://crpg.id/education-budget-and-the-nutritious-meals-programme-mk-40-puu-xxiv-2026/ The post carries a notice that it is AI-generated; it is cited for the record of the development, not for its legal content. ↩︎
[P] UU 17/2023, Pasal 1 angka 1 and 2. regulation_id UU_17_2023. ↩︎
[P] UU 17/2023, Pasal 4 ayat (1) and Pasal 5 ayat (1). regulation_id UU_17_2023. ↩︎
[P] UU 17/2023, Pasal 6 ayat (1). regulation_id UU_17_2023. ↩︎
[P] PP 28/2024, preamble, Menimbang (the provisions of UU 17/2023 implemented). The copy held in the CRPG regulation vault is incomplete. regulation_id PP_28_2024. ↩︎
[P] Perpres No. 13 Tahun 2026, JDIH BPK: enacted, promulgated and in force 11 March 2026, LN 2026 (25); implements Pasal 21 ayat (3) and Pasal 416 of UU 17/2023; revokes Perpres No. 72 Tahun 2012. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/348120/perpres-no-13-tahun-2026 ↩︎
[P] Perpres 13/2026, Pasal 21 ayat (1) to (6) and Pasal 22, and Lampiran (Tanggung Jawab Penyelenggara Pemerintahan dalam Pengelolaan Kesehatan). regulation_id PERPRES_13_2026. ↩︎
[P] Perpres 13/2026, Pasal 23 to Pasal 27. regulation_id PERPRES_13_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 2/2026, Pasal 8 ayat (1) and (2). regulation_id PERMENKES_2_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 2/2026, Pasal 25 ayat (1) to (7) and Pasal 26. regulation_id PERMENKES_2_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 2/2026, Pasal 34 and Pasal 35, read with Pasal 36 (revoking Permenkes 36/2023); JDIH BPK: promulgated and in force 11 March 2026. regulation_id PERMENKES_2_2026. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/347191/permenkes-no-2-tahun-2026 ↩︎
[P] Perwali Batu 18/2026, Pasal 2 ayat (1) and (2) and Pasal 3, and closing formula (Ditetapkan di Batu pada tanggal 3 Maret 2026). Full text held in the CRPG regulation vault under the mislabeled regulation_id PMK_18_2026. ↩︎
[P] Perwali Batu 18/2026, Pasal 18 ayat (1) and (2). regulation_id PMK_18_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 7/2026, Pasal I angka 3 to 11 and Pasal II angka 1 and 2; closing formula (Ditetapkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 15 Juni 2026; Diundangkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 18 Juni 2026). regulation_id PERMENKES_7_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 12/2026, Pasal I angka 8 to 11 and Pasal II angka 1 and 2. regulation_id PERMENKES_12_2026. ↩︎
[P] UU 17/2023, Pasal 33 ayat (1) to (4). regulation_id UU_17_2023. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 7/2026, Pasal I angka 1 and 2 (amending Pasal 1 and Pasal 2 ayat (2) of Permenkes 25/2023). regulation_id PERMENKES_7_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 9/2026, Pasal I angka 1 and 2 (amending Pasal 1 and Pasal 2 ayat (2) of Permenkes 27/2023). regulation_id PERMENKES_9_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 12/2026, Pasal I angka 1 and 2 (amending Pasal 1 and Pasal 2 ayat (2) of Permenkes 26/2023). regulation_id PERMENKES_12_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 10/2026, Pasal I angka 1 to 4 (amending Pasal 1, Pasal 8 and Pasal 9 of Permenkes 28/2023). regulation_id PERMENKES_10_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 11/2026, Pasal I angka 1 to 7 (amending Pasal 1, Pasal 2, Pasal 6 and Pasal 9 to Pasal 11 of Permenkes 19/2023). regulation_id PERMENKES_11_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 14/2026, Pasal I angka 1 to 4 (amending Pasal 1 and Pasal 6 and deleting Pasal 7 of Permenkes 30/2020). regulation_id PERMENKES_14_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 13/2026, Article I points 2 to 10 (Pasal 11 huruf b deleted; Pasal 16 to 23 deleted) and point 19 (Pasal 50 deleted). regulation_id PERMENKES_13_2026. ↩︎
[P] UU 17/2023, Pasal 3 (aims, including meningkatkan ketahanan Kesehatan dalam menghadapi KLB atau Wabah). regulation_id UU_17_2023. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 1/2026, preamble, Menimbang (implementing provisions of PP 28/2024); JDIH BPK: promulgated and in force 21 January 2026. regulation_id PERMENKES_1_2026. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/344092/permenkes-no-1-tahun-2026 ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 1/2026, Pasal 174 huruf a to i and Pasal 175. regulation_id PERMENKES_1_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 1/2026, Pasal 2 and Pasal 3. regulation_id PERMENKES_1_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 1/2026, Pasal 9 to Pasal 19. regulation_id PERMENKES_1_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 1/2026, Pasal 48 ayat (1) to (8) and Pasal 49. regulation_id PERMENKES_1_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 1/2026, Pasal 162 to Pasal 173. regulation_id PERMENKES_1_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 8/2026, Pasal I angka 1 (amending Pasal 1 of Permenkes 10/2023, angka 1 to 6) and closing formula (Diundangkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 18 Juni 2026). regulation_id PERMENKES_8_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 8/2026, Pasal I angka 6 (amending Pasal 15 ayat (1) to (4)). regulation_id PERMENKES_8_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 5/2026, preamble, Menimbang (the sixteen provisions of PP 28/2024) and Mengingat angka 3 and 4 (UU 17/2023, LN 2023 No. 105, TLN 6887; PP 28/2024, LN 2024 No. 135, TLN 6952); JDIH BPK: promulgated and in force 4 May 2026. regulation_id PERMENKES_5_2026. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/350852/permenkes-no-5-tahun-2026 ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 5/2026, Pasal 125 huruf a to nn; huruf v, ee, ii and kk revoke the regulations concerned except for specified articles and annexes. regulation_id PERMENKES_5_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 5/2026, Pasal 41 ayat (1)–(3), Pasal 42 ayat (1)–(5), Pasal 43 ayat (1) and (2) and Pasal 44 ayat (1)–(3). regulation_id PERMENKES_5_2026. ↩︎
[P] Permenkes 5/2026, Pasal 106 ayat (3), Pasal 108 ayat (2) and (3), Pasal 109 ayat (1)–(3) and Pasal 110 ayat (2). regulation_id PERMENKES_5_2026. ↩︎
[P] Peraturan BPOM 5/2026, Pasal 3, Pasal 4 ayat (1) to (5) and Pasal 5 ayat (1) to (3). regulation_id PERATURAN_BPOM_5_2026. ↩︎
[P] Peraturan BPOM 5/2026, Pasal 11 and Pasal 12 ayat (1) to (6). regulation_id PERATURAN_BPOM_5_2026. ↩︎
[P] Peraturan BPOM 5/2026, Pasal 22 ayat (1) to (5) and Pasal 23. regulation_id PERATURAN_BPOM_5_2026. ↩︎
[P] PP 15/2026, Pasal 1 ayat (1)–(3), and closing formula (Ditetapkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 27 Maret 2026). regulation_id PP_15_2026. ↩︎
[P] PP 15/2026, Pasal 3 ayat (1) and (2) huruf a to d. regulation_id PP_15_2026. ↩︎
[P] PP 15/2026, Pasal 7 and Pasal 8, revoking Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 32 Tahun 2017 (LN 2017 No. 198, TLN 6116). regulation_id PP_15_2026. ↩︎
[P] UU 17/2023, Pasal 147 ayat (1) and Pasal 148. regulation_id UU_17_2023. ↩︎
[P] Peraturan BPOM 10/2026, Pasal 2 to Pasal 7. regulation_id PERATURAN_BPOM_10_2026. ↩︎
[P] Peraturan BPOM 10/2026, Pasal 26 to Pasal 29. regulation_id PERATURAN_BPOM_10_2026. ↩︎
[P] Peraturan BPOM 10/2026, Pasal 31 and Pasal 32; JDIH Kementerian Hukum (peraturan.go.id): promulgated 17 June 2026, Berita Negara 2026 No. 394. regulation_id PERATURAN_BPOM_10_2026. https://peraturan.go.id/id/peraturan-bpom-no-10-tahun-2026 ↩︎
[P] Permenperin 62/2024, Pasal 1 angka 2 to 7 and Pasal 2 ayat (1) to (7). regulation_id PERMENPERIN_62_2024. ↩︎
[P] Permenperin 62/2024, Pasal 6 to Pasal 9. regulation_id PERMENPERIN_62_2024. ↩︎
[P] UU 17/2023, Pasal 65 ayat (1) to (3). regulation_id UU_17_2023. ↩︎
[P] Perpres 83/2024, Pasal 5 ayat (1) and (2). regulation_id PERPRES_83_2024. ↩︎
[P] Perpres 83/2024, Pasal 55 to Pasal 58. regulation_id PERPRES_83_2024. ↩︎
[P] Perpres 115/2025, Pasal 14 to Pasal 18, and closing formula (Ditetapkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 17 November 2025). regulation_id PERPRES_115_2025. ↩︎
[P] Perpres 115/2025, Pasal 23 ayat (1) to (5), Pasal 24 ayat (1) to (9) and Pasal 25 ayat (1) to (3). regulation_id PERPRES_115_2025. ↩︎
[P] Perpres 115/2025, Pasal 59 to Pasal 61. regulation_id PERPRES_115_2025. ↩︎
[P] Putusan MK Nomor 40/PUU-XXIV/2026, conclusions [4.1]–[4.3] and Amar Putusan items 1–4: "Mengabulkan permohonan para Pemohon untuk sebagian"; the elucidation of Pasal 22(3) of Undang-Undang 17/2025 conditionally binding, limited to the 2026 State Budget; pronounced 30 July 2026. Constitutional Court database record, case 40/PUU-XXIV/2026. https://s.mkri.id/public/content/persidangan/putusan/putusan_mkri_14745_1785399940.pdf ↩︎
[P] Putusan MK Nomor 52/PUU-XXIV/2026, paragraph [3.15] and Amar Putusan: provisional request rejected; petition inadmissible as to Pasal 49(1) of Undang-Undang 20/2003 and its elucidation and the elucidation of Pasal 22(3) of Undang-Undang 17/2025; remainder rejected; pronounced 30 July 2026. Constitutional Court database record. https://s.mkri.id/public/content/persidangan/putusan/putusan_mkri_14746_1785400080.pdf ↩︎
[P] Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 18 Tahun 2020 tentang Pengelolaan Limbah Medis Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Berbasis Wilayah, Pasal 2, Pasal 3, Pasal 6 and Pasal 7, and closing formula (signed 15 July 2020, promulgated 21 July 2020). regulation_id PERMENKES_18_2020. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/152561/permenkes-no-18-tahun-2020 ↩︎