| Full title | Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor P.83/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/10/2016 tentang Perhutanan Sosial |
|---|---|
| Citation | Permen LHK P.83/2016; Berita Negara 2016 No. 1663 |
| Jurisdiction | Indonesia |
| Enacted by | Minister of Environment and Forestry |
| Signed | 25 October 2016 |
| Promulgated | 7 November 2016 |
| Effective | 7 November 2016 |
| Replaces | Permenhut P.55/2011, P.39/2013, P.88/2014 and P.89/2014 |
| Replaced by | Permen LHK 9/2021 |
Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan 83/2016 (Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor P.83/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/10/2016 tentang Perhutanan Sosial) was an Indonesian ministerial regulation that set the procedures for granting local communities and customary law communities legal access to forest under the social forestry (perhutanan sosial) programme. It was signed by the Minister of Environment and Forestry on 25 October 2016 and took effect on its promulgation on 7 November 2016.[1][2] It belongs to the body of rules described at forestry and land use regulation in Indonesia.
The regulation brought village forest, community forest, community plantation forest and forestry partnership under one instrument, replacing four regulations of the Minister of Forestry, and referred applications for customary forest to a separate 2015 regulation on private forest.[3][4] It granted village forest management rights and community forest and community plantation forest licences for 35 years, evaluated every five years, and set short working-day deadlines for processing applications.[5][6]
It was revoked on 1 April 2021 by Permen LHK 9/2021 on the management of social forestry, which kept in force the rights and licences already issued under it.[7] CRPG's regulatory tracker published an analysis of the regulation in November 2025.[8]
The regulation built on the categories of UU 41/1999 on forestry, whose elucidation describes state forest managed by a village for its welfare as village forest and state forest used chiefly to empower the community as community forest.[9] Before 2016 each scheme had its own ministerial regulation. Pasal 66 revoked Permenhut P.55/2011 on applications for community plantation forest licences, as amended in 2013, Permenhut P.88/2014 on community forest, Permenhut P.89/2014 on village forest and Permenhut P.39/2013 on community empowerment through forestry partnership.[3:1]
Pasal 2 stated the regulation's purpose as guidance for granting management rights, licences, partnerships and customary forest, and its aim as resolving tenurial problems and securing justice for local and customary communities living in or around forest areas, for their welfare and the preservation of forest functions. Pasal 3 listed the principles of justice, sustainability, legal certainty, participation and accountability.[10]
Pasal 1 defined social forestry as sustainable forest management in state forest or in private or customary forest by local communities or customary law communities as the principal actors, in the forms of village forest, community forest, community plantation forest, smallholder forest (Hutan Rakyat), customary forest and forestry partnership.[11] The regulation's own scope, under Pasal 4, covered five of these: village forest, community forest, community plantation forest, forestry partnership and customary forest.[10:1]
Village forest management rights (Hak Pengelolaan Hutan Desa, HPHD) went to village institutions on production or protection forest not yet under licence, on protection forest managed by the state forestry company Perum Perhutani, or on designated parts of a forest management unit.[12] Community forest licences (IUPHKm) were applied for by the head of a community group, a forest farmer group association or a cooperative, on the same classes of land.[13] Community plantation forest licences (IUPHHK-HTR) were confined to production forest and could be sought by individual forest farmers, farmer groups and cooperatives, or by forestry graduates or former facilitators forming a group with the local community.[14] Grants followed the indicative social forestry area map (PIAPS), though applications outside it could still be made with the help of the provincial working group and used to revise the map.[12:1][13:1]
Forest managers and licence holders were obliged to empower local communities through forestry partnerships. The partnership area was capped at two hectares per household in a forest manager's area and five hectares per household in a licence holder's area, the caps being phased in where the area was in conflict and not applying to partnerships for non-timber products or environmental services.[15] Customary law communities could apply to the minister for their forest to be designated, under Permen LHK P.32/2015 on private forest.[4:1]
Village forest, community forest and community plantation forest grants were made by the minister, who could delegate them to a governor whose province had written social forestry into its medium-term development plan or had a governor's regulation on it, and had budgeted for it.[12:2][13:2][14:1] For a village forest application to the minister, the director general had two working days to check the administrative requirements, the head of the technical unit one working day to form a verification team, the team seven working days to verify, and the director general five working days from receiving the result to issue the decision.[6:1] The same sequence applied to community forest, while a community plantation forest decision was due within seven working days.[16] Applications could be made on paper or online, and village forest applications were to be prioritised for conflict resolution, peat restoration and ecosystem restoration.[17][12:3]
Pasal 53 set the term of village forest rights and community forest and community plantation forest licences at 35 years, with an evaluation every five years that served as the basis for extension, and made them non-inheritable.[5:1] They conferred no ownership of the forest area, could not be transferred or used outside the management or business plan, and could not be pledged as collateral except for the crops grown. Planting oil palm was prohibited in every scheme.[18]
Holders were entitled to protection from damage and from unilateral takeover, to manage the area according to local knowledge, to facilitation in planning, business and conflict resolution, and to fair treatment regardless of gender. They were obliged to protect the area from damage and pollution, mark its boundaries, prepare management plans and annual work plans and report on them, plant and maintain the forest, administer and pay levies on forest products, and maintain forest functions.[19] Financing could come from the state and regional budgets, forest development loans, village funds, forest and land rehabilitation funds and other lawful sources.[20]
The transitional provisions carried pending applications over to the new procedure and allowed oil palm already present in a social forestry area to remain for twelve years from planting, provided at least 100 woody trees per hectare were planted among the palms.[21] Permen LHK 9/2021 revoked the regulation in its Pasal 199 and, in Pasal 198, kept village forest rights, community forest and community plantation forest licences issued under it in force until they expire, subject to adjustment to the new regulation.[7:1] JDIH BPK also lists Permen LHK 11/2020 on community plantation forest among the instruments revoking it.[2:1]
K196 · Work URI /akn/id/act/permen-lhk/2016/83 · RegVault PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 67 and closing formula (Ditetapkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 25 Oktober 2016; Diundangkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 7 November 2016). The held text, from pasal.id, carries no preamble. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK No. 83 Tahun 2016, JDIH BPK: enacted 25 October 2016, promulgated and in force 7 November 2016, Berita Negara 2016 No. 1663; status recorded as not in force, revoked by Permen LHK 9/2021 and Permen LHK 11/2020. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/163479/permen-lhk-no-83-tahun-2016 ↩︎ ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 66. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎ ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 50. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎ ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 53. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎ ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 10, Pasal 11 and Pasal 12. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎ ↩︎
[P] Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor 9 Tahun 2021 tentang Pengelolaan Perhutanan Sosial, Pasal 198 huruf a and c, Pasal 199 huruf b and closing formula (signed and promulgated 1 April 2021). regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_9_2021. ↩︎ ↩︎
[E] "What Social Forestry Requirements Exist Under PERMENLHK P.83/2016?", CRPG regulatory tracker, crpg.id, 26 November 2025. https://crpg.id/what-social-forestry-requirements-exist-under-permenlhk-p-83-2016/ (free sign-in required on crpg.id) The post carries a notice that it is AI-generated; it is cited for the record of the development, not for its legal content. ↩︎
[P] Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 1999 tentang Kehutanan, elucidation (Penjelasan) of Pasal 5 ayat (1). regulation_id UU_41_1999. ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 2, Pasal 3 and Pasal 4. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎ ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 1 angka 1 to 7. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 6, Pasal 7 and Pasal 8. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 16 to Pasal 19. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 27 to Pasal 30. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎ ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 40 and Pasal 41. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 21 to Pasal 23 and Pasal 32 to Pasal 34. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 39. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 56. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 58 and Pasal 59. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 63. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎
[P] Permen LHK P.83/2016, Pasal 65 huruf a, b and h. regulation_id PERMEN_LHK_p-83-menlhk-setjen-kum-1-10-2016_2016. ↩︎